Sentences
A. Simple Sentences
Simple sentence is one independent clause.
1.
Simple sentence with one subject and one verb.
For example:
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Mr. Smith is at home.
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Joan walks on the sidewalk.
2.
Simple sentence with one subject and two verb.
For
example:
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I went to the canteen and ate my lunch.
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I wrote a letter and sent it to my mother.
3.
Simple sentence with two subject and one verb.
For
example:
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My mother and I went to the market yesterday.
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Mary and Tom go to the cinema.
4.
Simple sentence with two subject and two verb.
For
example:
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Tami and I bring a lot of books and read them in
the park.
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Joan and Daniel do to a restaurant and meet
their old friends.
B. Compound Sentences
A compound sentences is two or more independent clause are
joined together. There are three ways to join the clauses:
1.
With a coordinator
2.
With a conjunctive adverb
3.
With a semicolon
Compound Sentences with Coordinator (FAN BOYS)
Form: independent
clause, + coordinator + independent clause
Note: there is a comma after the first independent clause
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coordinator
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function
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Example
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For
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Add a reason
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I want to study with Mary, for she is very
smart.
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Justin is admired by girls, for he is handsome.
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And
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Add a similar, equal idea
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This movie is very funny, and we enjoy
watching it.
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We went to the market, and we bought some
clothes.
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Nor
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Add a negative equal idea
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She doesn’t have to call me up, nor does she come
to my house.
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Leo doesn’t have to go to campus today, nor
does he have to wake up early.
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But
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Add an opposite idea
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Paul went to bed early, but he woke up late.
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Susan knows that cheating is not good, but she
still do it.
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Or
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Add an alternative possibility
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Kayla can play piano, or she can play guitar.
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Liam should submit his assignment this
afternoon, or he will get a punishment.
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Yet
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Add an unexpected continuation
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I want to buy that new novel, yet the novel
had already sold out.
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Too much sun damages the skin, yet many people
still do not use sunscreen.
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So
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Add an expected result
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He is at home today, so I’ll visit him this
afternoon.
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I am very tired today, so I’ll take a rest.
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Compound Sentences with Conjunctive Adverbs
Form: independent
clause; + conjunctive adverb, + independent clause
Note: put a semicolon
before and a comma after the conjunctive adverb
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To add a
similar, equal idea
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Also
Besides
Furthermore
In addition
Moreover
As well
Too
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We should learn how to write well; in addition,
we should learn how to speak properly.
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In order to get a good score in English, I must
study hard; also, I should practice every day.
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To add an
unexpected continuation
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However
Nevertheless
Nonetheless
Still
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My brother aware that he has an assignment;
nevertheless, he continues to play games.
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Many people know the impact of smoking cigarette;
however, they still do it.
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To add a
complete contrast
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On the other hand
In contrast
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I need to buy medicine; on the other hand/in
contrast, I don’t have enough money in my pocket.
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To give an
alternative possibility
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Otherwise
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Harry must drive his car carefully; otherwise, he
will get an accident.
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To add an
expected result
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Accordingly
As a result
Consequently
Hence
Therefore
Thus
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She was late yesterday; as a result, she might
not come to the class.
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He knew that he was wrong; therefore, he felt
guilty.
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To add an
example
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For example
For instance
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I try many ways to get a good score; for
instance/for example, I try to be active in the class.
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Compound Sentence with Semicolons
Form: independent
clause; independent clause
For example:
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I am the first who came to the class; Diana is
the second.
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My father fix the car in the front yard; I help
him by giving him the tools he needs.
C. Complex Sentences
A complex sentences contains one independent clause and one
or more dependent clause.
1.
Complex Sentences with Adverb Clauses
An adverb clause tells where, when, why, and how.
It begins with a subordinator, such as, when, while, because, although, if, so,
or that.
It also can come before or after independent clause.
For
example:
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Because I have to take care my brother, I can’t
go to the cinema tonight.
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My mother didn’t angry, although I was wrong.
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It’s Sunday, so I’ll go jogging with my friends.
2.
Complex Sentence with Adjective Clauses
An adjective clause describes a noun or
pronoun. It begins with a relative pronoun, such as who, whom, which, whose, or that,
or with relative adverb, such as where or when.
For
example:
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The girl who is standing in front of the door is
my roommate.
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The book which I bought yesterday was lost last
night.
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The women whom I helped yesterday came to my
house last night.
3.
Complex Sentence with Noun Clauses
A noun clause begins with a wh-
question word, that, whether, and if.
For example:
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I don’t know why you are very angry.
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My father says that I have to study harder.
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He doesn’t know what I want.
D. Compound-Complex Sentences
It is a sentence with at least three clauses; at least two
of which are independent and one dependent.
For example:
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I wanted to travel after I graduated from
college; however, I had to go to work immediately.
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After I graduated from college, I wanted to
travel, but I had to go to work immediately.
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I could not decide where I should work or what I
should do, so at first I did nothing.
